Screening for familial hypercholesterolaemia in primary care: Time for general practice to play its part

Fifty per cent of first-degree relatives of index cases with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) inherit the disorder. Despite cascade screening being the most cost-effective method for detecting new cases, only a minority of individuals with FH are currently identified. Primary care is a key target area to increase identification of new index cases and initiate cascade screening, thereby finding close relatives of all probands. Increasing public and health professional awareness about FH is essential. In the United Kingdom and in Australia, most of the population are reviewed by a General Practitioner (GP) at least once over a three-year period, offering opportunities to check for FH as part of routine clinical consultations. Such opportunistic approaches can be supplemented by systematically searching electronic health records with information technology tools that identify high risk patients. GPs can help investigate and implement results of this data retrieval. Current evidence suggests that early detection of FH and cascade testing meet most of the criteria for a worthwhile screening program. Among heterozygous patients the long latent period before the expected onset of coronary artery disease provides an opportunity for initiating effective drug and lifestyle changes. The greatest challenge for primary care is to implement an efficacious model of care that incorporates sustainable identification and management pathways

Contemporary Issues in Current Account Operations in Pakistani IBs - Sharia Compliant Solution

Contemporary Sharia scholars have three stances about the Current Account Operations in Pakistani Islamic Banks (IBs) i.e., (i) Ijarah based contract (ii) Wadi'ah based contract, and (iii) Qard based contract. This paper is an attempt to delve into the root causes of the differences of scholars and to find the Sharia-compliant solution acceptable for all. Descriptive as well as applied approaches are used in this paper. Clearing of ambiguity on this issue may result in twofold benefits: from the public point of view, it would satisfy practising Muslims which may result in form of huge deposits in this account (ii) from IBs viewpoint the Current Account is a bonus deposit

Perspectives on domestic violence: case study from Karachi, Pakistan.

There is no adequate profile of domestic violence in Pakistan although this issue is frequently highlighted by the media. This case study used qualitative and quantitative methods to explore the nature and forms of domestic violence, circumstances, impact and coping mechanisms amongst selected women victims in Karachi. Violence was a continuum: all the women reported verbal abuse, often escalating into physical, emotional, sexual and economic abuse. The husband was the most common perpetrator. Women suffered in silence due to sociocultural norms, misinterpretation of religious beliefs, subordinate status, economic dependence and lack of legal redress. Besides short-term local measures, public policy informed by correct interpretation of religion can bring about a change in prevailing societal norms

The impact of student and peer behaviour on EFL teachers' motivation and job satisfaction in a Saudi Arabian context

This article investigates the effect that students and peers, their behaviours, and the way classes are practically and physically taught affect teachers’ motivation and job satisfaction in a Saudi Arabian context. A lack of trained teachers, unawareness of the cultural differences between their home country and that of Saudi Arabia, and the lack of training and induction in their working life, means it may be difficult to integrate into the workplace and, indeed, society. This has a knock on effect on their personal and professional lives, and added to the somewhat perplexing attitudes of some students and peer teachers, who for reasons including non-compliance, unwillingness and demotivation among students, as well as peer teachers who were perceived as poor, untrained and uncooperative, can make time at work within the Kingdom difficult, unrewarding and lonely. This results in many teachers feeling unappreciated, demotivated and demoralised, and they have little satisfaction in the job they are doing

Ground state magnetic structure of Mn3_3Ge

We have used spherical neutron polarimetry to investigate the magnetic structure of the Mn spins in the hexagonal semimetal Mn$_3$Ge, which exhibits a large intrinsic anomalous Hall effect. Our analysis of the polarimetric data finds a strong preference for a spin structure with $E_{1g}$ symmetry relative to the $D_{6h}$ point group. We show that weak ferromagnetism is an inevitable consequence of the symmetry of the observed magnetic structure, and that sixth order anisotropy is needed to select a unique ground state

Decoherence in a Two Slit Diffraction Experiment with Massive Particles

Matter-wave interferometry has been largely studied in the last few years. Usually, the main problem in the analysis of the diffraction experiments is to establish the causes for the loss of coherence observed in the interference pattern. In this work, we use different type of environmental couplings to model a two slit diffraction experiment with massive particles. For each model, we study the effects of decoherence on the interference pattern and define a visibility function that measures the loss of contrast of the interference fringes on a distant screen. Finally, we apply our results to the experimental reported data on massive particles $C_{70}$.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figure